
Originally Posted by
foxtrot
For purposes of the historical judicial system, I'll clarify this.
It was thou shalt not "Retzach" which means "Illegal killing". The bible actually clarified it quite well.
War = justified killing.
Hunting = justified killing.
Self-defense = justified killing.
Lying in wait to ambush someone = Retzach.
(specifically, if a person kills someone like a mountain lion lays in wait for a deer).
Someone breaks into your house at night (which is burglary or other crimes with risk to you) = justified killing (Like the make my day law)
Someone breaks into your house in daytime (which is essentially burglary without risk to you) = probably Retzach if you kill them.
Someone kills your family member? You can kill them back unless they voluntarily go to a sanctuary city (think - voluntary prison)
Revenge killing in a sanctuary city (prison) = Retzach.
They didn't have 2 years of litigation and 20 years of appeals process back then. If you did something very, very wrong, you segregated yourself from the general population by fleeing to a sanctuary city. If you didn't, it was wholly justified for society (generally, surviving relatives) to kill you.
Much of this has been lost in the English translation, but that's where the lines were drawn. The punishment for Retzach was to have ones name removed from "the book of life".