Yes, at least 180 days until it takes effect. Make sure you're in pending and you're probably 90% sure you're grandfathered. Might be ok if you mail your form by then too, but I wouldn't risk it.
Yes, you will need to get fingerprinted/photographed/notification for every form (every item) starting 180+ days from now.
Figure some suppressors will sell out this week, and ATF lead times are going to lengthen due to the influx of expected forms starting tomorrow morning.