If you're lake fishing from shore, you can use spinners etc but I prefer to use bait. I really haven't had much luck from shore with spinners, but obviously it can be done, I'm not much of a "pro" in that area.
If you're going for bass etc, get live minnows and put one on a small hook (usually hook it through the mouth so it can swim around fine). Attach a bobber about 4ish feet up from the hook, cast out and let it swim around. Give it slack to swim around with. You can also do the same with worms, but obviously they wont be swimming lol.
For trout, I had the best luck with power bait and salmon eggs or worms. Normally I would use a small treble hook at the bottom, and a small single hook tied on about 1-2 feet above it with around 12 inches of line. Use eggs or power eggs on the single hook, and completely cover the treble hook with a nice morsel of power bait. Cast out and let it sink to the bottom, keep the line tight (get rid of the slack without reeling the bait in closer) so you can see when something is nibbling at it.
As for stream/creek/river fishing, I suggest either learning to use a fly rod (takes a LOT of practice, time and patience to get good at casting, learn what to use, when to use it etc!!!) or sticking with spinners. I have had EXCELLENT luck with a variety of panther martin spinners and decent luck with kastmasters. Generally speaking, you have a better chance of catching big(gger) fish (rainbow/brown trout) in bigger rivers, but you will catch more fish in smaller creeks (usually brook trout). Trout feed facing upstream, so they are watching food come down with the flow. With spinners, cast it upstream and reel it in downstream.
I suggest doing this in a small stream in the mountains somewhere, preferably where you can see the fish. Be sneaky coming up to the water, as they spook easily. Use the smallest size panther you can find, I find the ones with a yellow body and red dots, with the silver spinner work good no matter where you are. Also, use a small line, like 2-4 pound test max.