The French invasion
Late in 1861, a well-armed French fleet stormed Veracruz, landing a large French force and driving President Juárez and his government into retreat.
[14] Moving on from Veracruz towards
Mexico City, the French army encountered heavy resistance from the Mexicans near Puebla, at the Mexican forts of Loreto and Guadalupe.
[15] The 8,000-strong French army attacked the much poorer equipped Mexican army of 4,000. Yet the Mexicans managed to decisively crush the French army, the best army at the time, and one that had not been defeated for almost 50 years.
[16]
The Mexican victory
The victory represented a significant morale boost to the Mexican army and the Mexican people at large. The
History Channel puts it this way:
"Although not a major strategic victory in the overall war against the French, Zaragoza's success at Puebla represented a great moral victory for the Mexican government."[17] And
TIME puts it this way:
"The Puebla victory came to symbolize unity and pride for what seemed like a Mexican David defeating a French Goliath."[18] "
It was a glorious moment for Mexico." It helped establish a much-needed sense of national unity and patriotism.
[15]
Events after the Battle
The Mexican victory, however, was short-lived. Thirty thousand troops and a full year later, the French were able to depose the Mexican army, capture Mexico City, and establish
Emperor Maximilian I as ruler of Mexico.